ARC Roofing
ARC Roofing
ARC Roofing
ARC Roofing
ARC Roofing

A

Abrasion resistance

  • the ability to resist being worn away by contact with another moving, abrasive surface, such as foot traffic, mechanical equipment, wind-blown particles, etc.

Aggregate

  1. Crushed stone, crushed slag, or water-worn gravel used for surfacing a built-up roof;
  2. Any granular mineral material.

Alligatoring

  • Shrinkage cracking of the surfacing bitumen on a built-up roof, producing a pattern similar to an alligator’s hide. The cracks may or may not extend through the entire surfacing bitumen thickness.

Alloys, polymeric

  • A blend of two or more polymers, e.g., a rubber and a plastic to improve a given property, e.g., impact strength.

Asbestos

  • a group of natural, fibrous, impure silicate materials.

Asphalt

  • a dark brown or black substance found in a natural state or, more commonly, left as a residue after evaporating or otherwise processing crude oil or petroleum. Asphalt may be further refined to conform to various roofing grade specifications
B

Backnailing

  • blind (i.e., concealed by overlapping felt) nailing of roofing felts to a substrate in addition to hot-mopping to prevent slippage.

Ballast

  • a material, such as aggregate or precast concrete pavers, which employs impermeable layers of felt or membrane, or between the membrane and substrate designed to prevent wind uplift or flotation of a loose-laid roof system.

Base sheet

  • A saturated or coated felt placed as the first ply in a multi-ply bituminous roofing membrane.

Batten

  • Raised rib, in a metal roof, or a separate part or formed portion in a metal roofing panel.

Beaufort Scale

  • A scale in which the force of the wind is indicated by numbers from 0 to 12. No.7 is “near gale” at 52-61 km/h (32-38 m.p.h.). No. 9 is “strong gale” at 76-87 km/h (47-54 m.p.h.).

Bitumen

  1. A class of amorphous, black or dark colored, (solid, semisolid, or viscous) cementitious substances natural or manufactured, composed principally of high molecular weight hydrocarbons, soluble in carbon disulfide, and found in asphalts, tars, pitches, and asphaltites;
  2. A generic term used to denote any material composed principally of bitumen;
  3. In the roofing industry there are two basic bitumens: asphalt and coal-tar pitch. Before application they are either (a) heated to a liquid state, (b) dissolved in a solvent, or © emulsified.

Bituminous emulsion

  • A suspension of minute globules of bituminous material in water or in an aqueous solution.

Blanket Insulation

  • Fiberglass insulation in roll form, often installed between metal roof panels and the supporting purlins.

Blister

  • An enclosed pocket of air-water vapor, trapped between membrane plies or between membrane and substrate.

Blister (Polyurethane Foam)

  • Undesirable rounded delamination of the surface of a polyurethane foam whose boundaries may be either more or less sharply defined.

Blocking

  1. wood built into a roofing system above the deck and below the membrane and flashing to a) stiffen the deck around an opening, b) act as a stop for insulation, c) serve as a nailer for attachment of the membrane or flashing.
  2. Wood cross-members installed between rafters or joists to provide support at cross-joints between deck panels.
  3. Cohesion or adhesion between similar or dissimilar materials in roll or sheet form that may interfere with the satisfactory and efficient use of the material.

Bond

  • the adhesive and cohesive forces holding two roofing components in intimate contact.

Boot

  1. a covering made of flexible material, which may be preformed to a particular shape, used to exclude dust, dirt, moisture, etc., from around a penetration;
  2. a flexible material used to form a closure, sometimes installed at inside and outside corners.

Brands

  • Airborne burning embers released from a fire.

Bridging

  1. when membrane or base flashing is unsupported at a juncture;
  2. bridging in steep-slope roofing occurs when reroofing over standard-sized asphalt shingles with metric-sized asphalt shingles.

Buckle

  • an upward, elongated displacement of a roof membrane frequently occurring over insulation or deck joints. A buckle may be an indication of movement within the roof assembly.

Building Code

  • The minimum construction requirements established generally by national organizations of experts and adopted completely or in altered form by local governing authorities.

Built-up Roofing (BUR)

  • A continuous, semiflexible membrane consisting of plies of saturated felts, coated felts, fabrics or mats assembled in place with alternate layers of bitumen, and surfaced with mineral aggregate, bituminous material, or a granule surfaced sheet (abbreviation, BUR).

Bull

  • Roofer’s term for flashing or plastic cement.

Bundle

  • an individual package of shakes or shingles.

Butt Edge

  • The lower edge of the shingle tabs.

Butyl

  • a rubber like material produced by copolymerizing isobutylene with a small amount of isoprene, Butyl may be manufactured in sheets, or blended with other elastomeric materials to make sealants and adhesives.
C

Canopy

  • Any overhanging or projecting roof structure with the extreme end usually unsupported.

Cant strip

  • A beveled strip used under flashings to modify the angle at the point where the roofing or waterproofing membrane meets any vertical element.

Capsheet

  • A granule-surfaced coated felt used as the top ply of a built-up roofing membrane.

Caulk

  • a composition of vehicle and pigment used at ambient temperatures for filling/sealing joints or junctures, that remains elastic for an extended period of time after application.

Caulking

  1. the physical process of sealing a joint or juncture;
  2. sealing and making weather-tight the joints, seams or voids between adjacent surfaces by filling with a sealant.

Chalk Line

  • a line made on the roof or other flat surface by snapping a taut string or cord dusted with colored chalk.

Cladding

  • a material used as the exterior wall enclosure of a building.

Cleat

  • a continuous metal strip, or angled piece, used to secure metal components.

Clip

  • A non-continuous metal component or angle piece used to secure two or more metal components together.

Closure Strip

  • A resilient strip such as neoprene, flat on one side and formed to the contour of ribbed sheets on the other, used to close openings created by joining metal sheets and flashings.

Coating

  • a layer of liquid material applied to a surface for protection or appearance.

Cold Process Roofing

  • A continuous, semi-flexible roof membrane, consisting of plies of felts, mats, or fabrics that are laminated on a roof with alternate layers of cold-applied roof cement and surfaced with a cold-applied coating.

Collar

  • Pre-formed flange placed over a vent pipe to seal the roof around the vent pipe opening. Also called a vent sleeve.

Condensation

  • the conversion of water vapor or other gas to liquid as the temperature drops or the atmospheric pressure rises.
  • A covering on top of a wall exposed to the weather, usually sloped to carry off water.

Cornice

  • the decorative horizontal molding or projected roof overhang.

Counter Flashing

  • formed metal or elastomeric sheeting secured on or into a wall, curb, pipe, rooftop unit or other surface, to cover and protect the upper edge of a base flashing and its associated fasteners.

Course

  1. the term used for a row of roofing material that forms the roofing, waterproofing or flashing system;
  2. one layer of a series of materials applied to a surface (e.g., a five-course wall flashing is composed of three applications of roof cement with one ply of felt or fabric sandwiched between two layers of roof cement).
  • the surface area uniformly covered by a specific quantity of a particular material at a specific thickness.
  • a nonlinear separation or fracture occurring in a material.
  • a relatively small area of a roof constructed to divert water from a horizontal intersection of the roof with a chimney, wall, expansion joint or other projection.
  • a raised member used to support roof penetrations, such as skylights, mechanical equipment, hatches, etc.
  • BUR membrane defect characterized by a continuous, open longitudinal seal with top felt rolled back from underlying felt.
  • Solvent-thinned bitumen used in cold process roofing adhesives, flashing cements, and roof coatings.
  • A detail designed to prevent lateral water movement into the insulation where the membrane terminates at the end of a day’s work, or used to isolate sections of the roofing system, usually removed before the continuation of the work.
D

Damp Proofing

  • treatment of a surface or structure to resist the passage of water in the absence of hydrostatic pressure.

Dead Loads

  • the weight of a structure itself, including the weight of fixtures or equipment permanently attached to it.

Deck

  • a structural component of the roof of a building. The deck must be capable of safely supporting the design dead and live loads, including the weight of the roof systems, and the additional live loads required by the governing building codes and provide the substrate to which the roofing or waterproofing system is applied the structural surface of a building to which a roof assembly is installed. Decks are either non-combustible (e.g., corrugated metal, concrete, or gypsum) or combustible (e.g., wood plank or plywood).

Degradation

  • a deleterious change in the chemical structure, physical properties or appearance of a material from natural or artificial exposure (e.g., exposure to radiation, moisture, heat, freezing, wind, ozone, oxygen, etc.).

Delamination

  • separation of the laminated layers of a component or system.
  • The maximum thickness of a roof system upon which a given moisture survey method is effective.
  • The maximum thickness of a roof system upon which a given moisture survey method is effective.
  • Doubling of flood-coat, gravelingin operation, to provide additional waterproofing integrity for a BUR membrane.
  • a vertical pipe or conduit used to carry runoff water from a scupper, conductor head or gutter of a building to a lower roof level or to the ground or storm water runoff system.
  • an outlet or other device used to collect and direct the flow of runoff water from a roof area.

Drip Edge

  • a metal flashing or other overhanging component with an outward projecting lower edge, intended to control the direction of dripping water and help protect underlying building

Duckboard

  • A boardwalk or slatted flooring laid on a wet, muddy or cold surface
E

Eave

  • the lower edge of a sloping roof that part of a roof which projects beyond the wall.

Edge Stripping

  • Application of felt strips cut to narrower widths than the normal felt roll width to cover a joint between flashing and built-up roofing.

Edge Venting

  • The practice of providing regularly spaced protected openings at a roof perimeter to relieve water vapor pressure in the insulation. (It is of doubtful efficacy.)

Elastomer

  • A macromolecular material that returns rapidly to its approximate initial dimensions and shape after subsequent release of stress.

Elastomeric Coating

  • a coating that is capable of being stretched at least twice its original length (100 percent elongation) and recovering to its original dimensions.

Embedment

  1. the process of pressing a felt, aggregate, fabric, mat, or panel uniformly and completely into hot bitumen or adhesive to ensure intimate contact at all points;
  2. the process of pressing granules into coating in the manufacture of factory prepared roofing, such as shingles.

Emulsion

  • A mixture of bitumen and water, with uniform dispersion of the bitumen or water globules, usually stabilized by an emulsifying agent or system.

Endlap

  • The overlap where one panel or felt nests on top of the end of the underlying panel or felt.

Envelope

  • a continuous felt fold formed by wrapping and securing a portion of a base felt back up and over the felt plies above it. The envelope is intended to prevent bitumen seepage from the edge of the membrane.

EPDM

  • A synthetic elastomer based on ethylene, propylene, and a small amount of a non-conjugated diene to provide sites for vulcanization. EPDM features excellent heat, ozone and weathering resistance, and low temperature flexibility.

Expansion Joint

  • A structural separation between two building elements that allows free movement (expansion or contraction) between elements without damage to the roofing or waterproofing system.

Exposure

  1. the traverse dimension of a roofing element or component not overlapped by an adjacent element or component in a roof covering. For example, the exposure of any ply in a built-up roof membrane may be computed by dividing the felt width, minus 2 inches (51 mm), by the number of shingled plies; thus, the exposure of 36 inch (914 mm) wide felt in a shingled, four-ply membrane should be approximately 81/2 inches (216 mm);
  2. the dimension of sidewall or roofing covering that is not covered or overlapped by the up slope course of component. The typical exposure for a standard-sized, three-tab shingle is 5 inches (127 mm), depending on manufacturer specifications.

Extruder

  • A machine with a driven screw that forces ductile or semi-soft solids through a die opening of appropriate shape to produce continuous film, strip, or tubing.

F

Fabric

  • a woven cloth of organic or inorganic filaments, threads, or yarns.

Fallback

  • Reduction in bitumen softening point, sometimes caused by refluxing or overheating in a relatively closed container.

Fascia

  1. in steep-slope roofing, a board that is nailed to the ends of a roof rafter; sometimes supports a gutter;
  2. in low-slope roofing, the vertical or steeply sloped roof or trim located at the perimeter of a building. Typically, it is a border for the low-slope roof system.

Felt

  • A fabric manufactured from vegetable fibers (organic felts), asbestos fibers (asbestos felts), or glass fibers (glass fiber felts). The manufacturing process involves mechanically interlocking the fibers of the particular felt material in the presence of moisture and heat.

Fishmouth

  1. A half cylindrical or half conical opening formed by an edge wrinkle or failure to embed a roofing felt;
  2. In shingles, a half conical opening formed at a cut edge.

Flange

  • the projecting edge of a rigid or semi-rigid component, such as a metal edge flashing flange.

Flashings

  • components used to weatherproof or seal roof system edges at perimeters, penetrations, walls, expansion joints, valley, drains and other places where the roof covering is interrupted or terminated. For example, membrane base flashing covers the edge of the field membrane, and cap flashings or counter flashings shield the upper edges of the base flashing

Fleece

  • Term used to describe mats or felts of usually non-woven fibers.

Flood Coat

  • the surfacing layer of bitumen into which surfacing aggregate is embedded on an aggregate surfaced built-up roof.

Framed Opening

  • Frame work (headers and jambs) and flashing which surround an opening in the wall or roof of a building; usually for field-installed accessories such as overhead doors or powered roof exhausters.

G

Grit:

Loose granules on a shingle roof.

Gable

  • the vertical triangular portion of the end of a building having a double-sloping roof, from the level of the eaves to the ridge of the roof.

Galvalume

  • Trade name for steel coated with aluminum-zinc alloy for corrosion protection.

Galvanized Steel

  • Steel coated with zinc for corrosion resistance.

Gambrel

  • a roof that has two pitches on each side, where the upper roof area has fewer slopes than the lower roof areas.

Glass Felt

  • glass fibers bonded into a sheet with resin and suitable for impregnation with asphalt in the manufacture of bituminous waterproofing, roofing membranes and shingles.

Glaze Coat

  1. The top layer of asphalt in a smooth surfaced built-up roof assembly;
  2. A thin protective coating of bitumen applied to the lower plies or top ply of a built-up membrane, when application of additional felts, or the flood coat and aggregate surfacing are delayed.

Granules

  • (also referred to as mineral or ceramic granule) opaque, natural or synthetically colored aggregate commonly used to surface cap sheets, shingles, and other granule-surfaced roof coverings.

Gravel

  • coarse granular aggregate resulting from the natural erosion of rock.

Gravel stop

  • Flanged device, usually metallic, designed to prevent loose aggregate from washing off the roof and to provide a continuous finished edge for the roofing.

Green Building Technology

  • Utilizing technology to reduce impact on the earth. Includes recyclability, reduction in carbon dioxide, ozone or other atmospheric pollutants, and reduction of urban heat islands.

Grout

  • Mixture of cement, sand, and water used to fill cracks and cavities. Often used under base plates or leveling plates to obtain uniform bearing surfaces.

Guarantee

  • usually refers to the assurance given by the roofing contractor that the work performed by him is in accordance with specification and is without defects.

Gutter

  • a channeled component installed along the down slope perimeter of a roof to convey runoff water from the roof to the drain leaders or downspouts.

H

Haunch

  • The deepened portion of a column or rafter, designed to accommodate the higher bending moments at such points. (Usually occurs at connection of column and rafter.)

Head Lap

  • the distance of overlap measured from the uppermost ply or course to the point where it laps over the undermost ply or course.

Hip

  • the inclined external angle formed by the intersection of two sloping roof planes.

Hip Roof

  • A roof which rises by inclined planes from all four sides on the building.

Hood

  • Cover, usually light gage metal, over piping or other rooftop equipment.

Hot-dip Metallic Coating

  • Adherent protective coating applied by immersing steel in a molten bath of coating material.

“Hot Stuff” or “hot”

  • A roofer’s term for hot bitumen.
I
  • a mass of ice formed at the transition from a warm to a cold roof surface, frequently formed by refreezing melt water at the overhang of a steep roof, causing ice and water to back up under roofing materials.
  • The slope of a roof expressed in percent or in the number of vertical units of rise per horizontal unit of run.
  • a material applied to reduce the flow of heat.
J
  • any of the small timbers, metal or wood beams arranged parallel to each other and spanning from wall to wall to support a floor, ceiling, or roof of a building.
K
L

Lap Cement

  • an asphalt-based roof cement formulated to adhere overlapping plies or asphalt roll roofing.

Lap Seam

  • occurs where overlapping materials are seamed, sealed or otherwise bonded.

Lead

  • a soft malleable, heavy metal; has low melting point and a high coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • the sprayed polyurethane foam that results from a pass. It usually is associated with a certain pass thickness and has a bottom layer, center mass and top skin in its makeup.

Mastic

  • Caulking or sealant normally used in sealing roof panel laps.

Membrane

  • A flexible or semi-flexible roof covering or waterproofing layer, whose primary function is the exclusion of water.

Mildew

  • a superficial growth produced on organic matter or living plants by fungi.

Modified Bitumen

  1. a bitumen modified by including one or more polymers (e.g., atactic polypropylene, styrene butadiene styrene, etc.);
  2. composite sheets consisting of a polymer modified bitumen often reinforced with various types of mats or films and sometimes surfaced with films, foils or mineral granules.

Mopping

  • an application of hot bitumen applied to the substrate or to the felts of a built up roof membrane with a mop or mechanical applicator.
N

Nailing

  1. In the EXPOSED NAIL METHOD, nail heads are exposed to the weather;
  2. In the CONCEALED NAIL METHOD, nail heads are concealed from the weather

Neoprene

  • a synthetic rubber (polychloroprene) used in liquid and sheet-applied elastomeric roof membranes or flashings.
O
  • a roof extension beyond the exterior wall of a building.
P

Pallets

  • a platform (typically wooden) used for storing and shipping materials.

Pan

  • the bottom flat part of a roofing panel that is between the ribs of the panel.

Panel Clip

  • Independent clip used to attach roof panels to substructure.

Panel Creep

  • Tendency of the transverse dimension of a roof panel to gain in modularity due to spring-out or storage-distortion.

Parapet

  • the part of a perimeter wall that extends above the roof.

Penetration

  1. any construction (e.g., pipes, conduits, HVAC supports) passing through the roof;
  2. the consistency of a bituminous material expressed as the distance, in tenths of a millimeter (0.1 mm), that a standard needle penetrates vertically into a sample of material under specified conditions of loading, time, and temperature.

Perlite

  • an aggregate used in lightweight insulating concrete and preformed perlitic insulation boards, formed by heating and expanding siliceous volcanic glass.
  • an aggregate used in lightweight insulating concrete and preformed perlitic insulation boards, formed by heating and expanding siliceous volcanic glass.
  • The installation of a roof system or waterproofing system during two or more separate time intervals

Pitch

  • A flanged, open-bottomed, metal container placed around columns or other roof penetrations that is filled with hot bitumen and/or flashing cement to seal the joint.

Ply

  • a layer of felt or ply sheet in a built-up roof membrane or roof system.
  • A roof area that retains water instead of draining after rainfall.

Primer

  1. a thin, liquid-applied solvent-based bitumen that may be applied to a surface to improve the adhesion of subsequent applications of bitumen;
  2. a material that is sometimes used in the process of seaming single-ply membranes to prepare the surfaces and increase the strength (in shear and peel) of the field splice;
  3. a thin liquid applied material that may be applied to the surface of SPVF to improve the adhesion of subsequent application of SPVF protective coatings.

Protected Membrane Roof

  • Roof assembly with insulation on top of membrane instead of vice versa, as in conventional roof assembly (also known as inverted or upside-down roof assembly).
Q
R

Racking

  • a method of asphalt shingle application, also referred to as the straight-up method, whereby shingle courses are applied vertically, up the roof rather than laterally or across and up.

Rafter

  • one of a series of sloped structural members, that extend from the ridge or hip to the down slope perimeter or eave, designed to support the roof deck and its associated loads.

Rake

  • The slope edge of a roof at the first or last rafter.

Rake trim

  • A flashing designed to close the opening between the goof and endwall panels.

Re-covering

  • The process of covering an existing roof system with a new roof.

Reglet

  • a sheet metal receiver for the attachment of counterflashing. A reglet may be surface-mounted, inset into a raggle or embedded behind cladding.

Reinforced Membrane

  • A roofing or waterproofing membrane reinforced with felts, mats, fabrics, or chopped fibers.

Remedial Roofing

  • The repair of selected isolated portions of the roof system to return the roof to uniform condition. This normally involves the removal of wet materials along with correction of the original cause of the problem.

Re-roofing

  • The removal of all roof system components down to the structural deck followed by installation of a completely new roofing system.

Retrofit

  • the modification of an existing building or facility to include new systems or components.

Ridge

  • highest point on the roof, represented by a horizontal line where two roof areas intersect, running the length of the area.

Ridge cap

  • A transition of the roofing materials along the ridge of a roof. Sometimes called ridge roll or ridge flashing.

Ridging

  • An upward, tenting displacement of a membrane, frequently over an insulation joint.

Rise

  • The vertical distance from the eaves line to the ridge

Roll Roofing

  • Coated felts, either smooth or mineral surfaced.

Roof Curb

  • An accessory used to mount and level units (such as air conditioning and exhaust fans) on the sloped portion of the building roof.

Roof Jack

  • An accessory used to cover pipes (such as vents or flues) that penetrate the roof panel.

Run

  • horizontal dimension of a slope.

S

Saddle

  • a small tapered/sloped roof area structure that helps to channel surface water to drains. Frequently located in a valley. A saddle is often constructed like a small hip roof or pyramid with a diamond-shaped base.

Scarf

  • To scrap or abrade a surface to remove degraded or wet polyurethane foam.

Scupper

  • Channel through parapet, designed for peripheral drainage of the roof, usually a safety overflow to limit accumulation of ponded rainwater caused by clogged drains.

Scrim

  • A woven, open mesh reinforcing fabric made from continuous filament yarn. Used in the reinforcement of polymeric sheeting.

Sealant

  1. a material that has the adhesive and cohesive properties to form a seal;
  2. a mixture of polymers, fillers, and pigments used to fill and seal joints where moderate movements is expected; unlike caulking, it cures to a resilient solid.

Sealing Washer

  • A metal-backed rubber washer assembled on a screw to prevent water from migrating through the screw hole.

Self-drilling Screw

  • A fastener that drills and taps its own hole, used as a fastener for attaching panels to purlins and girts.

Self-tapping Screw

  • A fastener that forms receiving threads when turned into a previously drilled hole. It is for attaching panels to purlins and girts and for connecting trim and flashing.

Selvage

  • An edge or edging which differs from the main part of: (1) a fabric, or (2) granule surfaced roll roofing.

Shading

  • slight differences in surfacing color, such as shingle granule coloring, that may occur as a result of manufacturing operations.

Shake

  • Exterior grade boards used as a roof deck material.

Shark fin

  • Curled felt projecting upward through the flood coat and aggregate of a BUR membrane.

Sheeting

  • A form of plastic or rubber in which the thickness is very small in proportion to length and width and in which the polymer compound is present as a continuous phase throughout, with or without fabric.

Shingle

  1. a small unit of prepared roofing designed for installation with similar units in overlapping rows or courses on inclines normally exceeding 3:12 slope (14°);
  2. to cover with shingles;
  3. to apply any sheet material in succeeding overlapping rows like shingles.

Shingling

  1. the application of shingles;
  2. the procedure laying parallel felts so that one longitudinal edge of each felt overlaps and the other longitudinal edge underlaps an adjacent felt. Normally felts are shingled on a slope so that water flows over rather than against each lap.

Sidelap

  • The continuous overlap of closures along the side of a panel.

Single Slope

  • A sloping roof with one surface. The slope is from one wall to the opposite wall of rectangular building.

Siding

  • the finish covering of an exterior wall of a frame building; the siding may be a cladding material such as wood, aluminum or vinyl

Single Ply

  • a class of commercial roofing membranes. Flexible sheets of compounded synthetic materials that are manufactured in a factory to strict quality control requirements.

Skylight

  • an opening in a roof that is glazed with a transparent or translucent material; used to admit diffused light to the space below.

Slab

  • A semi-finished steel product, intermediate between ingot and plate, with the width at least twice the thickness.

Slope

  • the angle of incline, usually expressed as a ratio of rise to run, or as an angle.

Smooth-surfaced roof

  • A roof membrane without mineral aggregate surfacing.

Soffit

  • the exposed undersurface of any exterior overhanging section of a roof eave.

Split

  • a membrane tear resulting from tensile stresses.

Spudding

  • to remove the roofing aggregate and most of the bituminous top coating by scraping and chipping.

Square

  • a unit used in measuring roof area equivalent to 100 square feet (9.29 m2) of roof area.

Stack Vent

  • A vertical outlet designed to relieve pressure exerted by water vapor between a membrane and the vapor retarder or deck.

Standing Seam Metal Roof

  • in metal roofing, a type of seam between adjacent sheets of material made by turning up the edges of two adjacent metal panels and then folding or interlocking them in a variety of ways.

Stripping / Strip Flashing

  1. The technique of sealing a joint between metal and bituminous membrane with one or two plies of felt or fabric and hot- or cold-applied bitumen;
  2. The technique of taping joints between insulation boards or deck panels.

Substrate

  • the surface upon which the roofing or waterproofing membrane is applied (e.g., in roofing, the structural deck or insulation).

Synthetic Slate

  • Synthetic slate is a concrete mix that is lighter and smoother than real slate but that has some of the color and ageing properties that slate has. It is generally used for slate roof shingles, but can also be used for kitchen countertops.

T

Tab

  • the exposed portion of strip shingles defined by cutouts.

Tapered edge strip

  • A tapered insulation strip used to elevate the roofing at the perimeter and at penetrations of the roof.

Tar

  • a brown or black bituminous material, liquid or semi-solid in consistency, in which the predominating constituents are bitumens obtained as condensates in the processing of coal, petroleum, oil-shale, wood, or other organic materials.

Tear Off

  • the removal of all roof system components down to the structural deck, followed by installation of a completely new roof system.

Through-wall Flashing

  • A water-resistant membrane or material assembly extending totally through a wall and its cavities, positioned to direct any water within the wall to the exterior.

Torchdown

  • The cap sheet has a coating of modified asphalt that is heated with torch just prior to application.

Trim

  • The light gauge metal used in the finish of a building, especially around openings and at intersections of surfaces. Often referred to as flashing.
U

Underlayment

  • an asphalt-saturated felt or other sheet material (may be self-adhering) installed between the roof deck and roof covering, usually used in a steep-slope roof construction. Underlayment is primarily used to separate the roof covering from the roof deck, shed water and provide secondary weather protection for the roof area of the building.

Uplift

  • Wind load on a building which causes a load in the upward direction.
V

Valley

  • the internal angle formed by the intersection of two sloping roof planes.

Vent

  • an opening designed to convey air, heat, water vapor or gas from inside a building or a building component to the atmosphere.

Ventilator

  • An accessory usually used on the roof that allows air to pass through.
W

Warranty

  • A warranty is furnished to the owner, generally by the manufacturer of the roofing materials, against manufacturing defects, to maintain a specified roof in a watertight condition for a specified time. Terms and conditions of individual warranties vary from manufacturer to manufacturer.

Waterproofing

  • treatment of a surface or structure to prevent the passage of water under hydrostatic pressure

Wicking

  • The process of moisture movement by capillary action as contrasted to movement of water vapor.
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